Essential Substitution Techniques for Jazz Musicians
- Tritone Substitution: Replacing a dominant seventh chord with another that's a tritone away.
- Modal Borrowing: Incorporating chords from the parallel minor into the major key.
- Secondary Dominance: Using a dominant or leading-tone chord to temporarily tonicize, or focus on, a chord other than the tonic.
- Sidestepped Harmony: Shifting a chord or sequence of chords up or down by a half step.